Description
Microsorum Pteropus (Needle Leaf)
Price for small, medium and large rhizome bunches with 5 to 15 leaves, grown submerged.
Small – Approx. 5 leaves 6cm long
Medium – 5 to 10 leaves 10cm long
Large – 10 to 15 leaves 12-18cm long
Overview
Microsorum Pteropus commonly known as Needle Leaf Java Fern, is highly sought-after in the aquarium hobby. This is because the needle leaf variant is unique with thin, slender leaves that grow no wider than half an inch wide. The leaves of this variety are the thinnest within the Java Fern family, even more so than the Java Fern Narrow Leaf variety. It is a popular background plant or focal point plant because the leaves will easily fill the space and create a mesmerizing effect in any planted aquarium.
Java fern is one of the most popular aquarium plants in the hobby due to its beauty and easy care. They can grow in low light conditions and a wide range of water parameters. The plant can be attached directly onto driftwood, rocks or any aquarium decoration using thread or glue. Make sure to keep the rhizomes above your substrate or the plant can begin to rot. Propagation is easy and straightforward; simply cut or pull apart rhizomes to be replanted.
Care Requirements
Lighting: Low to moderate (20–40 µmol PAR). Avoid intense light to prevent algae growth on leaves.
Water Parameters:
- Temperature: 20–28°C.
- pH: 6.0–7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral).
- Hardness: Soft to moderately hard (3–10 dGH).
Substrate: Not required; Java Fern is an epiphyte that attaches to hard surfaces like driftwood, rocks, or decorations.
Nutrients: Minimal fertilization needed. Liquid fertilizers or root tabs can enhance growth, but avoid high phosphate levels to prevent algae.
CO2: Not necessary, though low levels (5–10 ppm) can promote faster growth.
Tank Requirements: Moderate water flow is ideal to mimic natural stream conditions and prevent debris buildup on leaves.
Planting and Propagation
Planting: Do not bury the rhizome (horizontal stem) in substrate, as it will rot. Secure the plant to driftwood, rocks, or decor using fishing line, thread, or glue until roots anchor naturally (1–2 months).
Propagation: Java Fern reproduces via plantlets (adventitious shoots) that form on the edges of mature leaves. These can be gently detached and reattached to a new surface. Alternatively, divide the rhizome, ensuring each section has leaves and roots, and secure it elsewhere. Propagation is slow but reliable in stable conditions.
Maintenance
- Pruning: Remove yellowing or damaged leaves by cutting at the base of the rhizome to encourage new growth.
- Cleaning: Gently rinse leaves during water changes to remove algae or debris. Avoid abrasive cleaning to prevent leaf damage.
- Water Changes: Perform regular 20–30% water changes weekly to maintain water quality, as Java Fern is sensitive to ammonia and nitrate spikes.
- Monitoring: Check for black spots or melting leaves, which may indicate poor water quality or excessive light.
Challenges and Tips
Challenges:
- Algae Growth: Common in high-light or nutrient-rich tanks. Reduce light exposure and control nutrient levels.
- Rhizome Rot: Occurs if the rhizome is buried. Ensure it remains exposed.
- Slow Growth: Normal for Java Fern, but insufficient light or nutrients can exacerbate this.
- Pests: Snails or fish (e.g., goldfish) may nibble leaves. Inspect plants before adding to the tank.
Tips:
- Pair with low-light companions like Anubias or Cryptocoryne for a cohesive aquascape.
- Use a dark background to highlight the plant’s vibrant green.
- Avoid placing near aggressive root systems or fast-growing plants that may outcompete it.
- If growth stalls, test water parameters and adjust lighting or add a liquid fertilizer like Seachem Flourish (sparingly).
Recommendation
- Tank Size: Suitable for nano tanks (5 gallons) to large aquariums due to its compact size and versatility.
- Placement: Ideal for midground or background attachment on decor. Avoid high-traffic areas where fish may disturb it.
- Compatible Species: Thrives with peaceful fish (tetras, rasboras, guppies). Avoid cichlids or herbivorous fish that may damage leaves.
- Aquascaping: Use Needle Leaf Java Fern to create natural, jungle-like aesthetics. Combine with mosses or floating plants for contrast.
